Cụm từ collocations B2

 1. Thời gian & Thứ tự (Time & Sequence)
Các cụm từ dùng để diễn tả mốc thời gian, giai đoạn hoặc thứ tự diễn biến:

1. At once / Immediately (ngay lập tức)

• Please complete this report at once; the director is waiting for it.
  
  
• When the alarm sounded, everyone left the building immediately.
  
  
• You need to address this client's issue at once before things get worse.
  
  

2. At present / By now (hiện tại / tính đến bây giờ)

• At present, the company is expanding its operations into international markets.
  
  
• They should have arrived at the airport by now.
  
  
• At present, there are no available spots for this online course.
  
  

3. At some point (tại một thời điểm nào đó)

• At some point, you will have to make a decision about your career path.
  
  
• We should meet up for coffee at some point next week.
  
  
• Every business faces unexpected financial challenges at some point.
  
  

4. At the end of the day (cuối cùng thì / suy cho cùng)

• At the end of the day, customer satisfaction is what drives our business forward.
  
  
• You can ask for advice, but at the end of the day, the choice is yours.
  
  
• It was a difficult project, but at the end of the day, we learned a lot from it.
  
  

5. At this point / At this stage (tại thời điểm này / giai đoạn này)

• At this point, we cannot accept any more changes to the contract.
  
  
• At this stage of the project, we are focusing on testing the new product.
  
  
• It is too early to predict the final outcome at this stage.
  
  

6. Ever since (kể từ đó đến nay)

• She moved to Japan in 2020 and has lived there ever since.
  
  
• I bought this laptop three years ago, and it has worked perfectly ever since.
  
  
• He started his own business last year and has been extremely busy ever since.
  
  

7. In advance (trước / chuẩn bị trước)

• If you plan to attend the seminar, please register in advance.
  
  
• Thank you in advance for your assistance with this matter.
  
  
• We booked our plane tickets two months in advance to get a better price.
  
  

8. In the first place (ngay từ đầu / đầu tiên)

• Why didn't you mention this problem in the first place?
  
  
• If you had followed the instructions in the first place, this error wouldn't have happened.
  
  
• We should never have agreed to these harsh conditions in the first place.
  
  

9. In the near future (trong tương lai gần)

• The team plans to launch a new mobile application in the near future.
  
  
• We hope to collaborate with your organization in the near future.
  
  
• Electric vehicles are expected to become much cheaper in the near future.
  
  

10. In turn (lần lượt / kết quả là)

• Increased stress leads to poor sleep, which in turn affects your health.
  
  
• The teacher called the students in turn to present their projects.
  
  
• Higher productivity benefits the company, which in turn leads to higher bonuses for employees.
  
  

11. Once again (một lần nữa)

• Once again, thank you for your incredible support throughout this event.
  
  
• The train was delayed once again due to bad weather.
  
  
• I would like to emphasize once again the importance of data security.
  
  

12. Prior to (trước khi)

• All candidates must submit their portfolios prior to the interview.
  
  
• Prior to starting the construction, the team inspected the site carefully.
  
  
• Please ensure all documents are signed prior to your departure.

2. Nguyên nhân, Mục đích & Kết quả (Cause, Purpose & Effect)

Các cụm từ chỉ lý do, mục tiêu hoặc hậu quả của sự việc:

 a means of sth  : phương tiện / cách thức để làm gì

 account for sth  : giải thích cho / chiếm (tỷ lệ)

 aimed at doing sth   /   aimed at sb  : nhắm đến việc làm gì / nhắm tới ai

 be derived from sth  : bắt nguồn / xuất phát từ cái gì

 contribute to sth  : đóng góp / góp phần vào cái gì

 in an attempt to do sth  : trong nỗ lực làm gì

 potential for sth  : tiềm năng cho cái gì

 so as to do sth  : để làm gì đó

 subject to sth  : chịu ảnh hưởng / phụ thuộc vào cái gì

1. A means of sth (phương tiện / cách thức để làm gì)

• Recycling is a means of reducing waste and protecting the environment.
  
  
• For many people, music is a means of expressing complex emotions.
  
  
• Technology serves as a means of connecting people across long distances.
  
  

2. Account for sth (giải thích cho / chiếm [tỷ lệ])

• Bad weather conditions accounted for the flight delay.
  
  
• Renewable energy now accounts for over 30 percent of total power generation.
  
  
• How do you account for the sudden drop in sales this quarter?
  
  

3. Aimed at doing sth / Aimed at sb (nhắm đến việc làm gì / nhắm tới ai)

• The new policy is aimed at reducing traffic congestion during peak hours.
  
  
• These educational resources are primarily aimed at young adults.
  
  
• The campaign was aimed at raising awareness about public health issues.
  
  

4. Be derived from sth (bắt nguồn / xuất phát từ cái gì)

• Many modern pharmaceuticals are derived from natural plant extracts.
  
  
• The word "democracy" is derived from ancient Greek origins.
  
  
• Her sense of confidence is derived from years of dedicated practice.
  
  

5. Contribute to sth (đóng góp / góp phần vào cái gì)

• Regular exercise and a balanced diet contribute to overall physical health.
  
  
• High carbon emissions significantly contribute to global climate change.
  
  
• Every member of the team contributed to the success of this project.
  
  

6. In an attempt to do sth (trong nỗ lực làm gì)

• The company lowered its prices in an attempt to attract more customers.
  
  
• Firefighters worked through the night in an attempt to control the blaze.
  
  
• She reviewed her notes multiple times in an attempt to pass the exam.
  
  

7. Potential for sth (tiềm năng cho cái gì)

• The new market strategy has great potential for long-term growth.
  
  
• Scientists believe this drug shows strong potential for treating the disease.
  
  
• Investing in green energy offers high potential for sustainable returns.
  
  

8. So as to do sth (để làm gì đó)

• He left early so as to avoid the heavy morning traffic.
  
  
• She double-checked the figures so as to prevent any calculation errors.
  
  
• We reorganized the workflow so as to improve overall efficiency.
  
  

9. Subject to sth (chịu ảnh hưởng / phụ thuộc vào cái gì)

• All outdoor event schedules are subject to weather conditions.
  
  
• The original proposal is subject to final approval by the board.
  
  
• Import prices are frequently subject to changes in currency values.

3. Bày tỏ Quan điểm & Đánh giá (Opinion & Assessment)

Các cụm từ dùng để nêu nhận định, mức độ hoặc góc nhìn cá nhân:

 as far as I am concerned   /   as far as sb is concerned  : theo quan điểm của tôi / của ai đó

 be to blame  : đáng bị khiển trách / chịu trách nhiệm

 I have to say...   /   I would say...  : tôi phải nói rằng... / tôi cho rằng...

 if only...  : giá mà... (thể hiện sự tiếc nuối)

 more or less  : khoảng / xấp xỉ / không nhiều thì ít

 no doubt  : không còn nghi ngờ gì nữa

 pretty much  : hầu như / gần như

 regard as sth  : xem như / coi là cái gì

 would rather...  : thà / thích làm gì hơn

1. As far as I am concerned / As far as sb is concerned (theo quan điểm của tôi / của ai đó)

• As far as I am concerned, this project is already a major success.
  
  
• As far as the manager is concerned, safety remains our highest priority.
  
  
• The decision is completely final as far as the committee is concerned.
  
  

2. Be to blame (đáng bị khiển trách / chịu trách nhiệm)

• Bad weather was to blame for the severe transport delays.
  
  
• Neither of the employees was to blame for the system error.
  
  
• Human carelessness is often to blame for forest fires.
  
  

3. I have to say... / I would say... (tôi phải nói rằng... / tôi cho rằng...)

• I have to say, this is one of the best meals I have ever had.
  
  
• I would say the project will take about three weeks to complete.
  
  
• I have to say, I was thoroughly impressed by her presentation today.
  
  

4. If only... (giá mà... - thể hiện sự tiếc nuối)

• If only I had prepared more thoroughly for the final job interview.
  
  
• If only we had more time to explore this beautiful coastal city.
  
  
• If only he had listened to the advice before making that investment.
  
  

5. More or less (khoảng / xấp xỉ / không nhiều thì ít)

• The new construction work is more or less completed now.
  
  
• We have more or less agreed on the main terms of the contract.
  
  
• The two budget proposals cover more or less the same key expenses.
  
  

6. No doubt (không còn nghi ngờ gì nữa)

• No doubt, she is one of the most talented engineers on our team.
  
  
• There is no doubt that renewable energy will dominate the future market.
  
  
• He will no doubt pass the certification exam with top marks.
  
  

7. Pretty much (hầu như / gần như)

• I have pretty much finished all my assigned tasks for the week.
  
  
• The two smartphone models have pretty much the same technical specifications.
  
  
• That explanation pretty much sums up our whole business strategy.
  
  

8. Regard as sth (xem như / coi là cái gì)

• Many industry specialists regard this startup as a game-changer.
  
  
• He is widely regarded as one of the leading experts in artificial intelligence.
  
  
• The local community regards the park as a vital public sanctuary.
  
  

9. Would rather... (thà / thích làm gì hơn)

• I would rather stay home tonight than go out to a noisy party.
  
  
• She would rather work independently on this creative task.
  
  
• They would rather invest in long-term growth than immediate profits.